What is the role of a surrogate decision maker in healthcare?

The role of a surrogate decision maker in healthcare is primarily to make complex healthcare decisions on behalf of a patient who is unable to make those decisions themselves, typically due to incapacity or diminished capacity. Surrogate decision makers may be family members, designated legal representatives, or others who are familiar with the patient's values and preferences. This role is critical when patients cannot communicate their wishes regarding their care, ensuring that decisions align with their known desires.

While providing emotional support and assisting patients in navigating the healthcare system are important roles for family members and friends, these functions do not define the primary responsibilities of a surrogate decision maker. Likewise, representing healthcare providers in decision-making does not fall within the typical scope of a surrogate's duties, which focus on prioritizing the patient's needs and preferences in healthcare decisions. Therefore, the emphasis on making decisions based on the patient's values distinguishes the surrogate decision maker's role in the healthcare setting.