What do Universal Precautions (UP) require from employers and employees?

Universal Precautions (UP) are a set of guidelines that aim to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases in healthcare settings. The core principle of Universal Precautions is to treat all human blood and body fluids as if they are potentially infectious, regardless of the perceived risk associated with a particular situation or individual. This approach emphasizes the importance of taking appropriate precautions when handling blood and body fluids to protect both employees and patients from the risk of infection.

By assuming that all human blood and body fluids are infectious, healthcare professionals can consistently implement protective measures—such as wearing gloves, masks, and eye protection—while performing their duties. This not only enhances the safety of healthcare workers but also creates a safer environment for patients.

The other options do not align with the essential principles of Universal Precautions. Assuming materials are harmless disregards the potential risks posed by infectious agents. Practicing only in clinical environments limits the scope of precautions needed, as exposure can occur in various settings including residential care facilities. Performing tests on all biological samples could be logistically challenging and unnecessary, as the focus is on safe practices rather than testing every sample. Thus, the requirement to assume all human blood and body fluids are infectious is central to ensuring safety in all healthcare environments.